Lupus
This chronic, autoimmune disease can target multiple organs and can lead to joint pain and swelling. Lupus sufferers can also be sensitive to sunlight, report fatigue, and get a butterfly-shaped rash on the bridge of the nose, says Dr. Goitz. Researchers aren’t sure what causes lupus, but some studies point to a genetic link—although genes alone can’t determine who gets the disease.
Some patients are able to manage symptoms with anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids; in more advanced cases, doctors may prescribe immunosuppressive agents to prevent organ damage.